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Pre-treatment of Hot Metal

Pre-treatment of Hot Metal Since the 1980s, the quality of raw materials and fuels used in ironmaking and steelmaking has increasingly deteriorated around the world. This trend has led to a deteriorating quality of hot metal in terms of higher contents of impurities. Also, during this period, there has been growing demand for the production …

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Operations in Steel Teeming Ladle in Steel Melting Shop

Operations in Steel Teeming Ladle in Steel Melting Shop The treatment of steel in the ladle has started around 1940s when the first ladle-to-ladle and ladle-to-ingot mould vacuum degassing processes for hydrogen removal has appeared on the scene. In the late 1950s, more efficient vacuum degassing units such as the Dortmund Hoerder (DH) and Ruhrstahl-Heraeus …

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