Steel Wire Ropes
…a Warrington construction in the third layer, and a Seale construction in the outer layer. The combined pattern type of wire rope construction is very superior in its fatigue resistance…
Read MoreProduction processes for Welded Pipes
…method (i.e. first run followed by sealing or backing run) and is generally performed with the inside pass first followed by the outside pass second. This ensures that the two…
Read MoreGlossary of Terms used in Galvanizing of Steel
steel by immersion in water rust, corrosion product consisting of hydrated iron oxides. Rust – It is the corrosion product consisting of hydrated iron oxides. Rust staining – It is…
Read MoreMetallurgical Processes and Defects in Steel Products
Metallurgical Processes and Defects in Steel Products Defects in steel products are defined as deviations in appearance, shape, dimension, macro-structure / micro-structure, and/or chemical properties when compared with the specifications…
Read MoreProperties of Carbon Steels
…to form certain micro-structures. As the steel cools, carbon steel crystalline structures are forced to change from one structure to another and these are called phase transformations. The different structures…
Read MoreOperation and Maintenance Manual
…instructions on how to safely run the appropriate test or diagnostic programmes and instructions for regaining normal operational control. Operating safety section is to include general safety, safety warnings, and…
Read MoreMaintenance Practices for Plant and Equipment
…to a pre-determined plan. Breakdown maintenance is also known as reactive maintenance or run-to failure maintenance. It basically consists of running the equipment till it breakdown. No actions are taken…
Read MoreProcess Diagrams
…instrument diagram P&ID is sometimes called process and instrument diagram. It is more technical, describing mechanical details for piping designers, electrical engineers, instrument engineers, and other technical experts who need…
Read MoreCold Heading Process
…described below can be used for combining upsetting with extrusion operations, as well as for combining forward-backward extrusion and multiple extrusion operations. Backward extrusions need to have a minimum reduction…
Read MoreRefractory Lining of the Electric Arc Furnace
…slag into the taphole and the runner, then high strength, high alumina castables are used for the precast runner. The high alumina runner generally has higher life because of improved…
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