Nozzle Clogging The disorder of casting process because of nozzle clogging is a long-standing issue ever since the continuous casting process has been introduced. Nozzle clogging is the build-up of solid or semi-solid material on a refractory surface which can become problematic during steel pouring, as it can affect the stream dynamics, reduce the pouring …
Read MoreLadle slag and its role in secondary steelmaking Presently the production of liquid steel takes place in two stages. The first stage involves getting a semi-product in primary steel making process furnace such as converter, electric arc furnace or induction furnace, whereas the second stage consists in refining of steel in the secondary steelmaking process …
Read MoreCooling of Strip on Run out Table in a Hot Strip Mill Hot strip mill is used to produce hot rolled coils of prescribed strip thickness and properties from a slab of known dimensions and chemical composition. Typically, a present day hot strip mill is located after continuous casting facility and consists of reheating furnaces, …
Read MoreElectric Arc Furnace Cooling System The history of electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking is not very old. It is only slightly more than a century when the first furnace was commissioned to melt steel by utilizing electric power. The initial development of the technology took place, since these furnaces made it possible to easily achieve …
Read MoreSteelmaking in Electric Arc Furnace Though De Laval had patented an electric furnace for the melting and the refining iron in 1892 and Heroult had demonstrated electric arc melting of ferro-alloys between 1888 and 1892, the first industrial electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking process only came into operation in 1900. Development was rapid and there …
Read MoreImportant aspects of design of Blast Furnace and associated ancillary equipments The design of the blast furnace (BF) proper and its associated and ancillary equipments (Fig 1) immediately upstream and downstream of the furnace is important for the efficient running of the BF. Besides the furnace proper, the immediate associated equipments include (i) the stock …
Read MoreBlast Furnace Slag and its Role in Furnace Operation The importance of blast furnace (BF) slag in achieving smooth operation of the BF is illustrated by the old saying ‘if you take care of the slag, the furnace will take care of the rest’. There has been a tremendous quantity of work has been done …
Read MoreEffect of Inclusions on the Properties of Steel Steel is a versatile material which is having very wide applications. It is of interest for several applications because of its several advantages such as high strength to weight ratio, durability, versatility, recyclability, and most importantly its economic viability in comparison to other engineering materials. Besides its …
Read MoreInclusions in Continuous Cast Steel and their Detection Continuous casting of steel is an important process for the production of steel worldwide, owing to its inherent advantages of energy saving, high yield, flexibility of operation, and competitive quality of the cast product. With the establishment of the continuous casting as the major route of steel …
Read MoreInclusions in Steel and Secondary Steelmaking Non-metallic inclusions, (hereinafter referred to as ‘inclusions’), are chemical compounds consisting of at least one non-metallic component, such as sulphur or oxygen. In steels, inclusions are an unwanted but mainly an unavoidable phase caused by the content of oxidizing agents in the liquid steel due to the raw material …
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