Carbon and Low Alloy steel Plates Steel plate is a flat-rolled steel product which is more than 200 mm wide and more than 6.0 mm thick or more than 1,220 mm wide and 5 mm thick. The steel plate rolling mills normally have a working-roll width ranging from 2,000 mm to 5,600 mm. Hence the …
Read MoreAbrasion Resistance of Steels and Abrasion Resistant Steels Abrasion is a degradation process of the working surfaces of stressed parts, which gradually impairs the parameters of the machine parts and the equipment. This abrasive degradation process is caused by the interaction of hard, usually mineral particles with the working surface of the part. In marginal …
Read MoreCOR-TEN Steel COR-TEN steel is trademark for weathering steel, and sometimes written without the hyphen as ‘CORTEN steel or even Corten steel’. It is a group of steel alloys which were developed to eliminate the need for painting, and form stable rust like appearance if exposed to the weather for several years. United States Steel …
Read MoreIndustrial Flow Measurements Technological processes in the industry require measurements of flows for the purpose of the control of the processes. Optimum performance of some equipment and operations need specific flow rates. Hence, the accurate measurement of flow rates is very important in industrial applications. Flow measurements consist of measuring the flow rate of solids, …
Read MoreIndustrial Pressure Measurement A major portion of all industrial measurement relates in some way or other to pressure in its several forms. For example, flow is often measured by determining the pressure which exists at two different points in a system. In a Bourdon system, pressure changes are used to produce the mechanical motion of …
Read MoreIndustrial Temperature Measurement The term temperature supposedly originated from the Latin word ‘tempera’, which means ‘moderate or soften’. Technological processes need accurately controlled temperatures. Physical parameters and chemical reactions are temperature dependent, and hence temperature control is of major importance. Temperature measurement in the present day industrial environment encompasses a wide variety of needs and …
Read MoreControl Valves and their Types A technological process has a large numbers of control loops which are networked together for the process to function effectively and efficiently. Each of these control loops is designed to keep some important process variable such as pressure, flow, level, and temperature etc. within a required operating range for ensuring …
Read MoreMeasurement Standards The world around us, first of all, is the world of physical quantities existing in reality in the widest range of their values. This is why, the range of characteristics describing both natural phenomena and the behaviour of devices and instruments produced in this world, is very wide. Physical quantities are characteristics of …
Read MoreInstrumentation Diagrams Instrumentation diagrams are the descriptive diagrams made following standardized methods and rules. However, the scope of instrumentation is so wide that a single form of diagram is not sufficient to capture all what is required to be represented. The different types of instrumentation diagrams which are commonly used are (i) process flow diagram …
Read MoreProcess Control Instruments and their Classification In the physical sciences, process engineering, and product quality assurance, measurement is the activity of obtaining and comparing physical quantities. Established standards are used as units, and the process of measurement gives a number relating the item under study and the referenced unit of measurement. Measurement generally involves using an …
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