Time Temperature Transformation Diagrams Time has influence on phase transformation. The rate of transformation is dependent on the time and the temperature. Phase diagrams describe equilibrium microstructural development which is achieved at extremely slow cooling or heating conditions. The phase diagrams give no information on the time which is taken to form a phase as …
Read MorePhase Diagrams A phase in a material is a region which differ in its microstructure and or composition from another region. It is homogeneous in crystal structure and atomic arrangement and has same chemical and physical properties throughout. It has a definite interface and able to be mechanically separated from its surroundings. A component is …
Read MoreAutomation and Control in Wire Rod Mill Steel wire rods are the key product of steel industry and have multiple uses. They are used as the material for fasteners, springs, bearings, wire ropes, chains, cables, wire meshes, wire fencings, tyre cord, reinforcement in railway sleepers, and several other uses. They are used for the components …
Read MoreAutomation and Control System of Reheating Furnaces The reheating furnace is one of the key equipments in a hot rolling mill. It also consumes the majority of energy needed for the rolling of steel. The reheating furnace is normally used to heat the steel stock (billets, blooms, or slabs etc.) to the rolling temperatures which are …
Read MoreCharacteristic Features of Rotary Kilns A rotary kiln is a cylinder which rotates around its cylindrical axis and acts as a device to exchange heat. The kiln is for high temperature applications where it is necessary to change the ‘state’ of the material in a continuous process or in a batch type process. The construction, …
Read MoreAmmonia Recovery from Coke Oven Gas The coke oven by-product plant is an integral part of the by-product coke making process. In the process of converting coal into coke using the by-product coke oven, the volatile matter in the coal is vapuorized and driven off. This volatile matter leaves the coke oven chambers as hot, …
Read MoreInspection and Testing Inspection is an organized examination or formal evaluation exercise. In production, it involves the measurements, tests, measuring gauges and test equipments applied to certain characteristics in regard to a material or a product. The results are normally compared to the specified requirements and standards for determining whether the material or the product …
Read MoreNozzle Clogging The disorder of casting process because of nozzle clogging is a long-standing issue ever since the continuous casting process has been introduced. Nozzle clogging is the build-up of solid or semi-solid material on a refractory surface which can become problematic during steel pouring, as it can affect the stream dynamics, reduce the pouring …
Read MoreLadle slag and its role in secondary steelmaking Presently the production of liquid steel takes place in two stages. The first stage involves getting a semi-product in primary steel making process furnace such as converter, electric arc furnace or induction furnace, whereas the second stage consists in refining of steel in the secondary steelmaking process …
Read MoreCooling of Strip on Run out Table in a Hot Strip Mill Hot strip mill is used to produce hot rolled coils of prescribed strip thickness and properties from a slab of known dimensions and chemical composition. Typically, a present day hot strip mill is located after continuous casting facility and consists of reheating furnaces, …
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